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Maven – Welcome to Apache Maven

Maven – Welcome to Apache Maven

Apache/

Maven/

Welcome to Apache Maven

| Last Published: 2024-03-08

|

Get Sources

Download

Welcome

License

About Maven

What is Maven?

Features

Download

Use

Release Notes

Documentation

Maven Plugins

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Index (category)

User Centre

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Maven Repository Centre

Maven Developer Centre

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Community Overview

Project Roles

How to Contribute

Getting Help

Issue Management

Getting Maven Source

The Maven Team

Project Documentation

Project Information

Maven Projects

Maven

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Extensions

Parent POMs

Plugins

Skins

Archetype

Artifact Resolver

Doxia

Indexer

JXR

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Surefire

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Welcome to Apache Maven

Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model

(POM), Maven can manage a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.

If you think that Maven could help your project, you can find out more information in the "About Maven"

section of the navigation. This includes an in-depth description of what Maven is and

a list of some of its main features.

This site is separated into the following sections, depending on how you'd like to use Maven:

Use

Download, Install, Configure, Run Maven

Maven Plugins and Maven Extensions

Information for those needing to build a project that uses Maven

Lists of plugins and extensions to help with your builds.

Extend

Write Maven Plugins

Improve the Maven Central Repository

Information for developers writing Maven plugins.

Information for those who may or may not use Maven, but are interested in getting project metadata into the

central repository.

Contribute

Help Maven

Develop Maven

Information if you'd like to get involved. Maven is an open source community and welcomes contributions.

Information for those who are currently Maven developers, or who are interested

in contributing to the Maven project itself.

Each guide is divided into a number of trails to get you started on a particular topic, and includes a

reference area and a "cookbook" of common examples.

You can access the guides at any time from the left navigation.

If you are looking for a quick reference, you can use the documentation index.

How to Get Support

Support for Maven is available in a variety of different forms.

To get started, search the documentation,

issue management system, the wiki

or the mailing list archives to

see if the problem has been solved or reported before.

If the problem has not been reported before, the recommended way to get help is to

subscribe to the Maven Users Mailing list. Many other users and Maven developers

will answer your questions there, and the answer will be archived for others in the future.

You can also reach the Maven developers on Slack.

Apache Software Foundation

Maven is a part of the Apache Software Foundation. We'd like to thank

the sponsors that provide financial assistance to the foundation. For more information on how you can support the

foundation, see the sponsorship page.

You can also attend Apache Events. Don't hesitate to ask on the Maven User mailing list

if Maven team members will be there. It can be a great opportunity to meet them.

© 2002–2024

The Apache Software Foundation

Maven – Introduction to Repositories

Maven – Introduction to Repositories

Apache/

Maven/

Introduction to Repositories

| Last Published: 2024-03-08

|

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Introduction to Repositories

Artifact Repositories

A repository in Maven holds build artifacts and dependencies of varying types.

There are exactly two types of repositories: local and remote:

the local repository is a directory on the computer where Maven runs. It caches remote downloads and contains temporary build artifacts that you have not yet released.

remote repositories refer to any other type of repository, accessed by a variety of protocols such as file:// and https://. These repositories might be a truly remote repository set up by a third party to provide their artifacts for downloading (for example, repo.maven.apache.org). Other "remote" repositories may be internal repositories set up on a file or HTTP server within your company, used to share private artifacts between development teams and for releases.

Local and remote repositories are structured the same way so that scripts can run on either side, or they can be synced for offline use. The layout of the repositories is completely transparent to the Maven user, however.

Using Repositories

In general, you should not need to do anything with the local repository on a regular basis, except clean it out if you are short on disk space (or erase it completely if you are willing to download everything again).

For the remote repositories, they are used for both downloading and uploading (if you have the permission to do so).

Downloading from a Remote Repository

Downloading in Maven is triggered by a project declaring a dependency that is not present in the local repository (or for a SNAPSHOT, when the remote repository contains one that is newer). By default, Maven will download from the central repository.

To override this, you need to specify a mirror as shown in Using Mirrors for Repositories.

You can set this in your settings.xml file to globally use a certain mirror. However, it is common for a project to customise the repository in its pom.xml and that your setting will take precedence. If dependencies are not being found, check that you have not overridden the remote repository.

For more information on dependencies, see Dependency Mechanism.

Using Mirrors for the Central Repository

There are several official Central repositories geographically distributed. You can make changes to your settings.xml file to use one or more mirrors. Instructions for this can be found in the guide Using Mirrors for Repositories.

Building Offline

If you are temporarily disconnected from the internet and you need to build your projects offline, you can use the offline switch on the CLI:

mvn -o package

Many plugins honor the offline setting and do not perform any operations that connect to the internet. Some examples are resolving Javadoc links and link checking the site.

Uploading to a Remote Repository

While this is possible for any type of remote repository, you must have the permission to do so. To have someone upload to the Central Maven repository, see Repository Center.

Internal Repositories

When using Maven, particularly in a corporate environment, connecting to the internet to download dependencies is not acceptable for security, speed or bandwidth reasons. For that reason, it is desirable to set up an internal repository to house a copy of artifacts, and to publish private artifacts to.

Such an internal repository can be downloaded using HTTP or the file system (with a file:// URL), and uploaded to using SCP, FTP, or a file copy.

As far as Maven is concerned, there is nothing special about this repository: it is another remote repository that contains artifacts to download to a user's local cache, and is a publish destination for artifact releases.

Additionally, you may want to share the repository server with your generated project sites. For more information on creating and deploying sites, see Creating a Site.

Setting up the Internal Repository

To set up an internal repository just requires that you have a place to put it, and then copy required artifacts there using the same layout as in a remote repository such as repo.maven.apache.org.

It is not recommended that you scrape or rsync:// a full copy of central as there is a large amount of data there and doing so will get you banned. You can use a program such as those described on the Repository Management page to run your internal repository's server, download from the internet as required, and then hold the artifacts in your internal repository for faster downloading later.

The other options available are to manually download and vet releases, then copy them to the internal repository, or to have Maven download them for a user, and manually upload the vetted artifacts to the internal repository which is used for releases. This step is the only one available for artifacts where the license forbids their distribution automatically, such as several J2EE JARs provided by Sun. Refer to the Guide to coping with SUN JARs document for more information.

It should be noted that Maven intends to include enhanced support for such features in the future, including click through licenses on downloading, and verification of signatures.

Using the Internal Repository

Using the internal repository is quite simple. Simply make a change to add a repositories element:

...

my-internal-site

https://myserver/repo

...

If your internal repository requires authentication, the id element can be used in your settings file to specify login information.

Deploying to the Internal Repository

One of the most important reasons to have one or more internal repositories is to be able to publish your own private releases.

To publish to the repository, you will need to have access via one of SCP, SFTP, FTP, WebDAV, or the filesystem. Connectivity is accomplished with the various wagons. Some wagons may need to be added as extension to your build.

© 2002–2024

The Apache Software Foundation

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Maven – Maven Repositories

Maven – Maven Repositories

Apache/

Maven/

Maven Repositories

| Last Published: 2024-03-08

|

Get Sources

Download

Welcome

License

About Maven

What is Maven?

Features

Download

Use

Release Notes

Documentation

Maven Plugins

Maven Extensions

Index (category)

User Centre

Plugin Developer Centre

Maven Repository Centre

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Maven Artifacts

Maven Metadata

Maven Layout

Maven Local Repository

Maven Remote Repositories

Maven Developer Centre

Books and Resources

Security

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Community Overview

Project Roles

How to Contribute

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Issue Management

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The Maven Team

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Project Information

Maven Projects

Maven

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Plugins

Skins

Archetype

Artifact Resolver

Doxia

Indexer

JXR

Plugin Testing

Plugin Tools

Resource Bundles

SCM

Shared Components

Surefire

Wagon

ASF

How Apache Works

Foundation

Data Privacy

Sponsoring Apache

Thanks

Maven Repositories

Apache Maven uses repositories to store artifacts. Your dependencies are being downloaded from repositories,

and artifacts you build are being stored (installed, uploaded) into repositories as well. This is one of the

fundamental concepts of Maven since its inception: Maven command line tool and Maven Repositories were mold together

and developed since the beginning of Maven project itself.

See also the Introduction to Repositories and Repository Layout.

As you may know, Maven addresses artifacts using artifact coordinates. The artifact coordinates uniquely describe the artifact

you are referring to, but does not tell anything about its source (or origin). This is where

Maven Repositories come into picture, that holds the artifacts laid out (published) according to Maven Repository

Layout. And this is where the circle closes: artifacts, being laid out in defined layout, consumed and published

by Maven.

Sections:

Artifacts

Metadata

Layout

Local Repositories

Remote Repositories

© 2002–2024

The Apache Software Foundation

Maven 仓库 | 菜鸟教程

Maven 仓库 | 菜鸟教程

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Maven 仓库

在 Maven 的术语中,仓库是一个位置(place)。

Maven 仓库是项目中依赖的第三方库,这个库所在的位置叫做仓库。

在 Maven 中,任何一个依赖、插件或者项目构建的输出,都可以称之为构件。

Maven 仓库能帮助我们管理构件(主要是JAR),它就是放置所有JAR文件(WAR,ZIP,POM等等)的地方。

Maven 仓库有三种类型:

本地(local)

中央(central)

远程(remote)

本地仓库

Maven 的本地仓库,在安装 Maven 后并不会创建,它是在第一次执行 maven 命令的时候才被创建。

运行 Maven 的时候,Maven 所需要的任何构件都是直接从本地仓库获取的。如果本地仓库没有,它会首先尝试从远程仓库下载构件至本地仓库,然后再使用本地仓库的构件。

默认情况下,不管Linux还是 Windows,每个用户在自己的用户目录下都有一个路径名为 .m2/repository/ 的仓库目录。

Maven 本地仓库默认被创建在 %USER_HOME% 目录下。要修改默认位置,在 %M2_HOME%\conf 目录中的 Maven 的 settings.xml 文件中定义另一个路径。

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">

C:/MyLocalRepository

当你运行 Maven 命令,Maven 将下载依赖的文件到你指定的路径中。

中央仓库

Maven 中央仓库是由 Maven 社区提供的仓库,其中包含了大量常用的库。

中央仓库包含了绝大多数流行的开源Java构件,以及源码、作者信息、SCM、信息、许可证信息等。一般来说,简单的Java项目依赖的构件都可以在这里下载到。

中央仓库的关键概念:

这个仓库由 Maven 社区管理。

不需要配置。

需要通过网络才能访问。

要浏览中央仓库的内容,maven 社区提供了一个 URL:http://search.maven.org/#browse。使用这个仓库,开发人员可以搜索所有可以获取的代码库。

远程仓库

如果 Maven 在中央仓库中也找不到依赖的文件,它会停止构建过程并输出错误信息到控制台。为避免这种情况,Maven 提供了远程仓库的概念,它是开发人员自己定制仓库,包含了所需要的代码库或者其他工程中用到的 jar 文件。

举例说明,使用下面的 pom.xml,Maven 将从远程仓库中下载该 pom.xml 中声明的所依赖的(在中央仓库中获取不到的)文件。

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

4.0.0

com.companyname.projectgroup

project

1.0

com.companyname.common-lib

common-lib

1.0.0

companyname.lib1

http://download.companyname.org/maven2/lib1

companyname.lib2

http://download.companyname.org/maven2/lib2

Maven 依赖搜索顺序

当我们执行 Maven 构建命令时,Maven 开始按照以下顺序查找依赖的库:

步骤 1 - 在本地仓库中搜索,如果找不到,执行步骤 2,如果找到了则执行其他操作。

步骤 2 - 在中央仓库中搜索,如果找不到,并且有一个或多个远程仓库已经设置,则执行步骤 4,如果找到了则下载到本地仓库中以备将来引用。

步骤 3 - 如果远程仓库没有被设置,Maven 将简单的停滞处理并抛出错误(无法找到依赖的文件)。

步骤 4 - 在一个或多个远程仓库中搜索依赖的文件,如果找到则下载到本地仓库以备将来引用,否则 Maven 将停止处理并抛出错误(无法找到依赖的文件)。

Maven 阿里云(Aliyun)仓库

Maven 仓库默认在国外, 国内使用难免很慢,我们可以更换为阿里云的仓库。

修改 maven 根目录下的 conf 文件夹中的 settings.xml 文件,在 mirrors 节点上,添加内容如下:

aliyunmaven

*

阿里云公共仓库

https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public

如果想使用其它代理仓库,可在 节点中加入对应的仓库使用地址。以使用 spring 代理仓为例:

spring

https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring

true

true

在你的 pom.xml 文件 节点中加入你要引用的文件信息:

[GROUP_ID]

[ARTIFACT_ID]

[VERSION]

执行拉取命令:

mvn install

gradle 配置指南

在 build.gradle 文件中加入以下代码:

allprojects {

repositories {

maven {

url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/'

}

mavenLocal()

mavenCentral()

}

}

如果想使用其它代理仓,以使用spring仓为例,代码如下:

allProjects {

repositories {

maven {

url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public/'

}

maven {

url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring/'

}

mavenLocal()

mavenCentral()

}

}

加入你要引用的文件信息:

dependencies {

compile '[GROUP_ID]:[ARTIFACT_ID]:[VERSION]'

}

执行以下命令安装依赖:

gradle dependencies

./gradlew dependencies

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Maven 仓库地址 - 知乎

Maven 仓库地址 - 知乎首发于JAVA开发知识切换模式写文章登录/注册Maven 仓库地址Primary​​武汉大学 软件工程硕士一、Maven 中央仓库地址 1. http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/ 2. http://mvnrepository.com/ (本人推荐仓库) 3. http://repo1.maven.org/maven2 二、Maven 中央仓库地址大全1、阿里中央仓库(首选推荐)

alimaven

aliyun maven

http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/

2、http://camunda.com 中央仓库(第 2 推荐使用)

activiti-repos2

Activiti Repository 2

https://app.camunda.com/nexus/content/groups/public

3、http://spring.io 中央仓库

springsource-repos

SpringSource Repository

http://repo.spring.io/release/

4、http://maven.apache.org 中央仓库

central-repos

Central Repository

http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2

5、http://maven.org 中央仓库

central-repos1

Central Repository 2

http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/

6、http://alfresco.com 中央仓库(第 3 推荐使用)

  activiti-repos

  Activiti Repository

  https://maven.alfresco.com/nexus/content/groups/public

7、oschina 中央仓库(需要 x 墙哟)

oschina-repos

Oschina Releases

http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public

8、oschina thinkgem 中央仓库(需要 x 墙哟)

thinkgem-repos

ThinkGem Repository

http://git.oschina.net/thinkgem/repos/raw/master

9、http://java.net 中央仓库(需要 x 墙哟)

java-repos

Java Repository

http://download.java.net/maven/2/

10、http://github.com 中央仓库(需要 x 墙哟)

thinkgem-repos2

ThinkGem Repository 2

https://raw.github.com/thinkgem/repository/master

发布于 2023-10-11 02:06・IP 属地上海Java 项目开发JavaMaven​赞同​​添加评论​分享​喜欢​收藏​申请转载​文章被以下专栏收录JAVA开发知识日常记录 &